Marshes and Mesas

Today we are learning about mesas and marshes.

A mesa is a flat-topped mountain or hill. It is a wide, flat, elevated landformp with steep sides.
A marsh is a type of freshwater, brackish water or saltwater wetland that is found along rivers, pond, lakes and coasts. Marsh plants grow up out of the water.

Capes and Prairies

Today we are learning about capes and prairies. The next couple are going to be a little more complex. You might of heard of Cape Cod, or you might have even been there.

A cape is a pointed piece of land that sticks out into a sea, ocean, lake, or river.

 A prairie is a wide, relatively flat area of land that has grasses and only a few trees.

Bays and Dunes

Today we are learning about bays and dunes. Bays and dunes are the exact opposite.

A bay is a body of water that is partly enclosed by land (and is usually smaller than a gulf).                                 A dune is a hill or a ridge made of sand. Dunes are shaped by the wind, and change all the time.

Cliffs and Gulfs

Today we are learning about cliffs and gulfs. A cliff is similar to a mountain.

 A cliff is a steep face of rock and soil. So a cliff is very steep, so usually people have more trouble climbing these because of the steep edges. A gulf is a part of the ocean (or sea) that is partly surrounded by land (it is usually larger than a bay).

Valleys and Waterfalls

 Today we are learning about valleys and waterfalls. Niagara Falls is North America's most famous waterfall. A valley is easy to spot. A valleys first

letter is v, and a valley is 2 mountains shaped like a v. A  waterfall is when a river falls off steeply, there is a waterfall. The proper term of a valley is, a valley is a low place between mountains.

Deserts and Lakes

Today we are learning about deserts and lakes. Deserts are very hot.

A desert is a very dry, barren region usually sandy, with little or no trees and a low average yearly rainfall. The Sahara Desert in Africa, the Gobi Desert in Asia, and the Great Victoria Desert of Australia are examples of desert landforms.

A lake is a large body of water surrounded by land. Famous lakes of the world include Lake Superior in North America, Lake Baikal in Russia, Loch Ness in Great Britain, and Lake Victoria in Africa. The desert is one of the hottest places to survive.

Latitude and Longitude

Today we are learning about latitude and longitude. Latitude is the angular distance north or south from the equator to a particular location. The equator has a latitude of zero degrees. The North Pole has a latitude of 90 degrees North; the South Pole has a latitude of 90 degrees South.
The equator has zero latitude.
Longitude is the angular distance east or west from the north-south line that passes through Greenwich, England, to a particular location. Greenwich, England has a longitude of zero degrees. The farther east or west of Greenwich you are, the greater your longitude. Midway Islands (in the Pacific Ocean) have a longitude of 180 degrees (they are on the opposite side of the globe from Greenwich). The prime meridian has zero longitude.